Introduction and Conclusions

1. Introduction and Conclusions

Introduction , Summary , and Conclusions

Cigarette smoking is the largest preventable cause of death and disability in developed countries and is a rapidly growing health problem in developing countries. The magnitude and nature of the risks associated with smoking can be estimated using data from prospective epidemiological studies of smokers and nonsmokers and information on smoking in the population. In 1966 the National Cancer Ins...

Conclusions

alcohol A lthough alcohol affects almost all tissues and organs in the body, the brain can be considered the most significant target of alcohol use and/or abuse. Thus, ’s effects on the brain are immediate and widespread, ranging from effects on normal physiology, metabolism, and gait to changes in emotions, cognition, and other functions. Moreover, alcohol’s impact on brain functioning plays a...

Conclusions

Throughout human history, nations and empires have colonized territories across the Earth and claimed jurisdiction over these areas, resulting too often in conflicts. To end the battles and wars, protagonists have signed treaties, such as the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648, which solidified the concept of the nationstate, blending cultural and political authority within geographic boundaries. Cur...

Conclusions

As the account by Temkin makes abundantly clear, epilepsy is not a static entity–time and place matter. If basic science, clinical and social developments occur as rapidly over the next 60 years as over the last, the epilepsy landscape will likely be a very different one by the year 2070. We asked our contributors not only to reflect back over the last 60 years, but also to think forward and sp...